A lot of people welcome the warm weather of spring, while others dread the pollen that also arrives. From one morning to the next, people wake up sneezing, develop runny noses, and have itchy eyes. To avoid these miserable allergy symptoms, many people reach for the allergy medication bottle. There is nothing wrong with allergy medication, but some people may prefer to experiment with natural remedies that don’t cause the same unwanted side effects that accompany certain medications. 

If the immune system reacts to something, which may not bother other people, that indicates an allergic reaction. The most common culprits of allergic reactions include:

• Pollen
• Dust mites
• Insect stings
• Food
• Medications
• Pet dander
• Mold spores

Although everyone many not experience the same allergy symptoms, the most common ones are:

• Sneezing
• Itching
• Rashes
• Swelling
• Asthma
• Runny nose
• Dry eyes

Natural Remedies For Allergies

The best natural remedy for allergies, well, is to avoid allergens at all costs, but this isn’t always possible. Allergens, especially pollen, are difficult to avoid during the spring. If your symptoms to certain allergens are relatively mild, you may be able to fight them off with natural remedies. Experiment with the following remedies to see if they help your spring allergies. 

Clear The Air

Dust, dander, and pollen particles can trigger allergy symptoms, and filtering indoor air may help eliminate them from your home. Your best bet is to look for a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter because it can remove 99.97% of problematic airborne particles. Putting a HEPA filter in your bedroom can make a huge difference, especially if you have allergy attacks at night or early morning. Air conditioning may also help because it removes moisture from indoor air, which eliminates mildew growth. 

Saline Nasal Rinse

According to a 2012 review of studies, saline nasal irrigation benefitted both children and adults with allergic rhinitis, or hay fever. Flushing the sinuses out with a neti pot or squeeze bottle can help wash away pollen, or other allergens, that may cause allergy symptoms. Studies show that a good saline nasal rinse can provide relief from both allergy symptoms and symptoms of the common cold. 

Vitamins And Supplements

A healthy diet helps encourage optimal immune response, but some people require supplementation to meet daily nutritional requirements. That is where dietary supplements, such as vitamins, minerals, and herbs, come into play. These supplements may help limit inflammation that accompanies allergic reactions. According to health experts, the following supplements may encourage better immune function:

• Vitamin A
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin D
• Quercetin
• Stinging nettle (a natural antihistamine)
• Omega-3 fatty acids

Acupuncture

Are you surprised to see acupuncture on this list? Don’t be! Historically, the practice of ancient needling boosted immune function and combatted hay fever. Additionally, a fair amount of research indicates the efficacy of acupuncture for treating symptoms of allergies and sinus disorders. In fact, a 2015 review of studies concluded that acupuncture demonstrated positive results for people with seasonal allergies. 

Use Essential Oils

If you have sinus issues, adding essential oils to a diffuser may help you breathe better, or at least limit the intensity of allergy symptoms. Many people benefit from using eucalyptus oil because it has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Others find frankincense essential oil to provide protection against some allergy symptoms. One study found that frankincense essential oil helped fight against perennial allergic rhinitis. A 1998 study found that inhaling the aroma of peppermint essential oil had enough anti-inflammatory effects to reduce symptoms of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.

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If you are like any other American adult, then you are no stranger to a little sleep trouble. In fact, one in three American adults does not get a sufficient amount of sleep every night, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A lot of people turn to a number of vices in order to get quality shut-eye. 

Magnesium spray, which is a trendy relaxing spray that was popularized on social media platforms, is said to promote sounder sleep. Can a few spritzes on your skin be the all-natural sleep aid you’ve been looking for? Is misting yourself with magnesium spray just another overhyped social media trend? We’re going to cover all that and more in this article. 

What Is Magnesium? 

Magnesium is a vital mineral in the body that is involved with numerous functions, including those relating to nerves and muscles. Magnesium also aids with mood regulation and energy production. Although the body produces magnesium, health experts recommend obtaining it via magnesium-rich foods or supplements. Alternatively, you can apply magnesium oil topically on the skin, which absorbs the mineral. In order to make magnesium oil, you add magnesium chloride flakes to water to create an oily liquid. 

What Is The Connection Between Magnesium And Sleep?

As previously mentioned, magnesium supports nerve function and muscle relaxation. It also aids with the production of melatonin, the hormone that helps control the body’s sleep-wake cycle. Magnesium is also essential for DNA and protein synthesis, in addition to reproduction and cellular health. 

When magnesium levels dip too much, you may find yourself tossing and turning, or waking up too early. It’s also possible to feel more stressed or restless at night when magnesium levels are low. According to research, people with higher magnesium levels experience better sleep, longer rest, and improved energy during the day. A February 2022 systematic review found a link between magnesium levels and sleep quality. That said, researchers that examined clinical trials noted magnesium supplementation for sleep disorders were mixed. 

As of now, scientists believe that magnesium influences brain chemicals, including GABA, NMDA, cortisol, renin, and melatonin. All of these can affect relaxation and sleep quality. So how much magnesium do you actually need? The general recommendation is 310-420 milligrams per day for adults, depending on age, sex, and pregnancy status. 

Does Magnesium Spray Actually Work?

According to studies, taking magnesium orally may improve sleep quality, reduce daytime drowsiness, and regulate circadian rhythm. That said, clinical evidence for skin absorption is lacking at the moment. That said, many magnesium spray users report that it helps them sleep better, due to the spray’s muscle-relaxing properties. Just keep in mind that more studies are needed to confirm if magnesium spray is a viable sleep aid. 

Absorption Is The Problem With Sprays

Research confirms that topical application of magnesium oil can help relieve nerve pain and muscle cramps. One of the issues, however, with magnesium spray is that it is not as easily absorbed by the body compared to oral intake. For people who have gastrointestinal issues, or issues taking supplements, magnesium oil can be a viable option. The spray, however, may not be as easily absorbed by the skin. No published data indicates a better or worse comparison of transdermal absorption compared to magnesium supplementation. Some data, however, indicates that the skin can absorb the spray when used in close proximity to a high density of hair follicles. Basically, spritz the magnesium spray where you have a lot of hair follicles to increase absorption. Don’t just mist it in the air and think that you will sleep like an angel. 

How To Choose The Right Magnesium Spray

Just like most items under the health and wellness umbrella, not all magnesium sprays are created equal. Health experts encourage you to look for the following in your magnesium spray:

• Magnesium source: Magnesium chloride is the most recommended because it is more easily absorbed by the skin. 
• Third-party testing: Choose a brand that is independently tested for safety and quality. You can tell this by a seal on the spray bottle or information on the company website. Common third-party testers include NSF and USP. 
• Purity: Make sure to select products that are free of artificial additives and unnecessary chemicals. Magnesium sprays should only contain a couple ingredients!

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Maintaining a healthy brain can improve your ability to retain and recall information, problem solve, focus, and connect with others on an emotional level. As you age, your risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, or other cognitive disorders increases. To help reduce the risk of developing these conditions, we outline integral supplements to support brain health in this article. 

Although the supplements in this article may support a healthy brain, they alone will not fight off cognitive disorders. That said, taking supplements may help to fill in any nutritional gaps in your diet and boost overall cognition. And while certain nutrients may play a role in cognitive function, there isn’t evidence supporting their efficacy for improving brain health. Read on to learn about supplements and nutrients that support brain health.

Choline

Choline helps the Brian make acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved with memory, cell signaling, cognition, and mood. One study monitored choline intake via diet and supplements and the cognitive function in people over the age of 60. Study authors noted that choline intake of 188-399 milligrams (mg) per day reduced the risk of low cognitive function by about 50%. The recommended daily intake (RDI) of choline in adults 550 mg for males and lactating persons, 450 mg for pregnant persons, and 425 mg for females. You can find choline in potatoes, shiitake mushrooms, broccoli, egg yolks, Brussels sprouts, kidney beans, quinoa, peanuts, and cruciferous vegetables. 

Ginkgo Biloba

This is a popular supplement in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). According to smaller studies, ginkgo leaf extract may improve brain function and memory in people with age-related cognitive decline. More extensive studies are necessary in order to arrive at the same conclusion. Research in healthy adults found that ginkgo biloba may improve attentiveness, recognition, information processing, and memory. Most of the studies confirming these findings have been small, so more studies are necessary to determine the full effects of ginkgo biloba on brain health. 

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

In addition to reducing inflammation and supporting heart health, omega-3 fatty acids may encourage better cognitive function. Fatty acids work to build cells and exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Various studies indicate that including omega-3 fatty acids in your diet or supplement routine may help boost brain health. In fact, diets high in omega-3s have been associated with a lower risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Although you can take an omega-3 supplement, you can consume fatty fish, soybeans, nuts, seeds, and other foods to get your daily fill of omega-3s.

Caffeine

This stimulant wakes you up and helps promote energy. Researchers note that consuming caffeinated beverages, such as coffee or black/green tea, helps improve alertness and cognitive capacity. Caffeine doesn’t affect mental performance or accuracy, and there are no long-term benefits for brain health. Ideally, keep your caffeine doses between 50 to 260 mg per day. Generally speaking, one cup of black coffee contains 95 to 200 mg of caffeine. 

Ashwagandha 

This popular adaptogenic herb may be beneficial for certain brain-related conditions, such as anxiety, stress, insomnia, alertness, and aging. One study observed people between the ages of 65 and 80 who took 600 mg of ashwagandha per day for 12 weeks. Researchers observed that the participants who took ashwagandha improved sleep quality, mental alertness, and overall wellbeing. More research is still necessary to understand the full brain-boosting benefits of this nutrient. Before taking ashwagandha, consider how this product may interact with medications or the central nervous system. 

Magnesium

This essential mineral is found in many foods and supplements. Magnesium plays many important roles in the body, one of which is assisting with the transmission of signals through nerves and the brain. Some evidence suggests that low magnesium levels increase the risk of cognitive impairment and neurological diseases. More research is necessary to determine if higher magnesium intake in people over age 60 can improve cognitive function. As of now, there is conflicting evidence on this matter. You can increase magnesium intake by taking supplements or eating leafy vegetables, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and some other fruits and vegetables.

Theanine

Theanine is a natural amino acid commonly found in tea. It may help improve mental performance, especially when combined with caffeine. Green tea, for example, contains both caffeine and theanine, the winning one-two punch. A small study found that a one-time 100-mg dose of theanine improved attention. That said, participants who received a 200-mg dose of theanine daily for four weeks saw no improvements in memory, motor speed, or decision skills. For this reason, more research is still necessary on how theanine may improve cognitive skills.

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You have your diaper bag. The car seat is properly installed. You have given your baby lots of snuggles, naturally. With all that said, one could say that you are crushing the role of parent already. The only thing left for you to do is tackle the responsibility of getting your diet under control. 

Diet is usually the last thing on new parents’ minds. Some people get very lucky and they have lots of friends and family make them meals that they can easily heat up. Are all of these meals healthy? It’s not often that they are, but those meals keep you fed and sane. While enjoying whatever food you can shovel in your mouth while you aren’t breastfeeding, sleeping, or cleaning, you may also be required to take vitamins. 

Some doctors also instruct new mothers to continue taking their prenatal vitamins. The birth of your baby should not stop you from doing that. Prenatal supplements work to support a healthy pregnancy, but a lot happens to the body during those nine months, the biggest of which is the birth of your baby. Your body was doing a lot during pregnancy, and it still requires nutrients postpartum. A nutritious diet is ideal, but not always easy with all the other baby responsibilities. That’s why postnatal vitamins may help fill in the remaining gaps. When shopping for those vitamins, make sure to look for the following ingredients. 

Vitamin D

Whether you choose to breastfeed or not, vitamin D proves to be an integral nutrient post-birth. According to health experts, there should be a minimum of 2,000 IU in your postnatal vitamin. Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to postpartum depression. For that reason, doctors recommend vitamin D as one of the many supplements to help alleviate symptoms of depression, in addition to supporting immune function. 

DHA

Omega-3 fatty acids not only benefit your health, but also your baby’s health. These fatty acids work to support brain development in your baby if you are breastfeeding or chest feeding, according to researchers. Your DHA needs increase during pregnancy, and they don’t immediately decline postpartum. In fact, they remain about the same during lactation. If you enjoyed a particular omega-3 supplement during pregnancy, you can continue taking that. 

Calcium

Calcium is a mineral found in dairy products, fortified foods (breakfast cereals and juice), and some plant-based foods. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests that the calcium found in breast milk is sourced from your own stores, primarily bones. That’s why health experts recommend breastfeeding mothers to get at least 1,000 milligrams (mg) of calcium per day. That amount helps ensure that your bones will remain strong after you’ve weaned your baby off breast milk to other foods and beverages.

Iron

The World Health Organization (WHO) notes that an iron supplement, taken by itself or with folic acid, helps to reduce the risk of anemia in the six- to 12-week period after giving birth. The body’s iron needs end up decreasing during the postnatal period, so most postnatal supplements do not have a large amount of iron. Researchers suggest that there is more iron in a prenatal vitamin than you will need in postnatal life, but it may be valuable immediately after giving birth. Most women lose a lot of iron during birth, so it becomes a valuable mineral for new moms. That is particularly true if you do not usually get enough iron in your diet. 

Folate

Your folate needs continue during the postpartum period, but the type of folate you take is not as important as it is in prenatal vitamins. Folate in the form of folic acid primarily serves to prevent neural tube defects in the developing infants during pregnancy. In the postnatal period, all types of folate are acceptable to keep your folate levels up. You might see folic acid, whole-food folate, or methylfolate as forms of folate in postnatal supplements.

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How often do you notice products, such as bran cereal, that have big “heart-healthy” branding on the boxes? Some of that branding may include phrases like “helps lower cholesterol,” or something along those lines. The reason for that is because these cereals contain a certain amount of fiber per serving. Since eating more fiber is one of the best, science-backed ways to reduce cholesterol and improve heart health, eating that cereal must be healthy. Well, part of that explanation is correct. 

According to health experts, less than 5% of Americans consume the recommended daily intake (RDI) of fiber. Additionally, about 86 million American adults have borderline high cholesterol levels (total cholesterol over 200 mg/hdL). Generally speaking, the average adult should consume 25 to 38 grams of fiber per day. How can meeting those daily fiber goals help lower cholesterol? Continue reading to find out. 

How Does Fiber Lower Cholesterol?

Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest. Because of that, fiber passes through the digestive tract without really being broken down. Although there are two types of fiber (soluble and insoluble), soluble fiber is the type that works to lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or “bad” cholesterol. It does that by:

• Forming a gel-like substance in the intestinal tract that works to attract and trap cholesterol particles. That helps prevent those particles from being absorbed into the bloodstream. 
• Binding to bile acids in the intestines, which release bile acids to help digest fat. They also contain some cholesterol, so once they have completed digestive duties, the body usually reabsorbs them for later use. When fiber is present in the intestines, bile acids are excreted along with the cholesterol. At that point, the body uses less circulating cholesterol to make new bile acids, which ultimately decreases the amount of cholesterol in your blood.
• Gut bacteria feed on and ferment prebiotic soluble fibers. This fermentation process produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which decrease cholesterol synthesis in the liver, helping to lower cholesterol levels in the bloodstream.

How Much Fiber Do You Need To Eat?

As stated earlier, the general recommendation for fiber intake is 25 to 38 grams per day. Most adults hover around 16 grams per day, but focusing on fiber is not enough to reduce cholesterol. Health experts encourage increasing your intake of soluble fiber. Research indicates that regularly consuming soluble fiber can help reduce total and LDL cholesterol levels by 5-10%. Eating two to 10 grams of soluble fiber per day is what causes these significant decreases in cholesterol. Aiming for the higher end of that range will only benefit your heart health. 

Foods That Are Rich In Soluble Fiber

Most fibrous foods do not contain as much solute fiber as you think. High-fiber foods, including vegetables, legumes, whole grains, fruits, nuts, and seeds, contain both soluble and insoluble fiber. The following list breaks down the soluble fiber content of the various foods:

• Beans: One-half cup of cooked black beans, kidney beans, or lentils offers one to three grams of soluble fiber
• Oats: One cup of cooked oats contains one to two grams of soluble fiber
• Brussels sprouts: One-half cup of cooked Brussels sprouts contains two grams of soluble fiber
• Fruits: One medium orange, pear, or apple contains one to two grams of soluble fiber
• Barley: A little less than one-quarter cup of cooked barley contains two grams of soluble fiber

What About Supplements?

If you require targeted support for fiber intake, you may want to consider a fiber supplement. Guar beans, inulin, psyllium husk, and beta-glucans are all forms of soluble fiber in fiber supplements. All of these forms of fiber have proven to lower cholesterol in clinical studies. A 2023 systematic review and meta-analysis found that each five-gram intake of soluble fiber was able to reduce LDL cholesterol by 5.6%. 

Eating more soluble fiber is one of the best things you can do for your overall cholesterol. Try to consume 10 grams of soluble fiber every day for the best cholesterol-lowering results. Decreasing stubborn LDL cholesterol isn’t easy, but soluble fiber can help!

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The body goes through many changes during perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause. These changes can affect how women feel and the way the body functions. It can be a frustrating and difficult time, as women can experience increased anxiety, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, mood swings, and depression. Roughly 85% of women report experiencing varying degrees of these symptoms during these three stages. 

Why does the body go through these changes during these stages of menopause? Health experts note that intricate neurotransmitter and hormonal changes impact the brain and cells within the nervous system. Cognition, sleep, and mood are significantly impacted by these menopausal changes, contributing to the physical and mental changes. As with most things, symptoms vary from person to person and each menopausal individual may experience these changes in varying severity. 

Women can address these symptoms with different lifestyle changes, supplements, and medical interventions. The most underrated way to address these symptoms, however, is through mindset shifts. According to research conducted by menopausal experts, the way women and society approach menopause can make it an empowering time, not a dreadful experience. 

Cultures That Embrace Menopause Experience Better Outcomes

Menopause is shrouded in mystery and shame for women in most western cultures. A 2023 survey of women in the United States found that 60% consider menopause to be stigmatized. A study from 2023 found that 83% of women felt that the menopausal symptoms were stigmatized. Additionally, 37% of women said that they felt shame associated with their own symptoms. Other research indicates that nearly 50% of women do not feel informed enough about menopause, and 60% say they didn’t learn about it until they started experiencing symptoms. 

By changing the cultural narrative surrounding menopause, women may feel more empowered about facing menopause. There are other cultures around the world where women do not fear menopause, which correlates to fewer symptoms. In Japan, for example, the word for menopause is konenki, which translates to “renewed energy.” It is a new phase of life that women should not dread. Interestingly enough, research has found that Japanese women report fewer struggles during menopause than women in the United States. 

Mindset Shifts To Make For Menopause

The way women approach menopause can change how they experience it. Now that there is more information about the topic, women can stay more informed. Additionally, they don’t need to feel shame or hide the fact that they are going through the different stages of menopause. It is a time of transition and there are inevitable changes that need to occur in the body. That said, there are mindsets and outlooks that can help make menopause a greater experience. 

Menopause Can Serve As A Time For Professional Growth

From a professional standpoint, menopause can serve as a time for growth and renewed sense of self. Many women report that they experience the height of their careers during menopause. They are wiser and have more life experiences, in addition to being more sure of themselves. Embracing that power can make a huge difference in the workplace. By being more self-aware and accepting of bodily changes, women can let go of worry. A 2023 survey found that the majority of women don’t feel supported in the workplace during menopause. That means that there is room for a cultural shift around menopause! 

Shed Expectations Of Youth And Fertility

Quite literally, menopause marks the end of having a menstrual cycle. That sets off hormonal changes in the body, resulting in common menopausal symptoms. This time should not be viewed as an ending; rather, look at it as a new beginning. There are no constraints of fertility, the monthly cycle, and unattainable expectations forced on women during their younger years. Menopause can be a liberating experience if women shed those expectations of fertility and youth! When women free themselves from those expectations, they may feel more grounded and powerful, even while experiencing hormonal changes and bodily changes. 

A Time For Rediscovery

Sometimes, it is perfectly acceptable to be selfish. Menopause, much like other moments in life, is a transitional phase, meaning there are opportunities for rediscovery. Part of the process is physical, as there are many physical changes that happen during menopause. But a lot of menopausal changes can be caused by a disconnect between the mind and body. The body responds differently to things it used to do, which can affect how women think about themselves. For example, workouts that used to be effective are no longer effective. Decreased estrogen levels can make it harder to build lean muscle mass. That can be frustrating, but it can also be a time to discover new ways or techniques that support the body. 

By developing a growth mindset and being curious and open, it is possible to be rewarded with another third or half of life that holds opportunity and creativity. During menopause, women can focus on themselves and learn how to approach things differently. Advocating for the self can be very powerful!

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Some people do not like to discuss poop, especially at the dinner table. We are all about it, folks, no matter the time or place. Your poop can inform you about what’s going on inside your body, so it can be useful to learn what different colors mean. Generally speaking, poop is light to dark brown, but it does come in different colors. It’s possible to see bowel movements that are yellow, green, black, orange, and white. 

It is not unusual to see different colors in your stool, according to gastroenterologists. Different colors usually result from what you eat, such as vibrantly colored produce or foods that contain dyes. Although different colors can be normal, frequently colorful poop may indicate a severe health condition. Tan-colored poop, for example, can indicate a liver, gallbladder, or pancreas problem. Continue reading to learn more about stool colors and what they mean. 

What Is Normal Stool? 

Typically, stool is dark or light brown, but health experts consider all shades of brown as normal stool color. It is not uncommon for stool to change color, especially if you eat a lot of green vegetables, beets, or carrots. If your poop turns color because of a health condition, though, you have to address the underlying cause. Adjusting your diet may be a great place to start. 

The Meaning Of Poop Color

We may not have the answer to the meaning of life, but we can help with the color of your poop. Color changes are often due to the foods you eat, but brown is usually the norm. Brown is associated with the natural breakdown of bile in the gastrointestinal tract. The liver secretes bile and assists the body with the breakdown of fat. If your poop isn’t brown or green, you may want to take a closer look as to why that is. If you notice a change in color or consistency, or you are worried about a color with accompanying symptoms, reach out to your healthcare provider. 

Orange Poop

There are a few causes of orange stool, the most common of which include:

• Diet: Eating a lot of foods with beta-carotene can color your stool orange. Beta-carotene is a carotenoid that gives orange food its color. Carrots, pumpkins, cantaloupe, sweet potatoes, and butternut squash contain lots of beta-carotene. Orange soda and candy can also cause orange stool. 
• Medications: Antacids and antibiotics that contain aluminum hydroxide can cause stool to turn orange in color. 
• Liver health: If your liver doesn’t produce enough bile, you may excrete orange poop. That said, liver problems usually cause white or tan-colored stool. 

Green Poop:

Green-colored stool may have to do with your diet, or how quickly food moves through your digestive tract. Some possible causes may include:

• Dumping syndrome: This is characterized by food moving too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine. This is very common after stomach or esophageal surgery. Gut motility may also be the problem because food is passing through the digestive tract too quickly for bile to turn stool brown. 
• Diet: Green stool may very well be from eating a lot of leafy green vegetables or a dish with green dye. You may even see bits of some vegetable roughage in your stool, such as kale. 

Yellow Poop

Yellow stool, or mustard-colored stool, is very common and normal in infants, especially breastfed infants. Adults can notice yellow stool in certain instances, though, such as:

• Diet: Just as with every other color mentioned so far, certain foods can color your stool yellow. Foods that are high in fat may also cause stool to appear pale yellow. 
• Giardiasis: This is a parasitic infection caused by Giardia lamblia, which is typically contracted after consuming contaminated water. This parasite also exists in stool or soil. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, fever, headache, and vomiting. 
• Celiac disease: This autoimmune disorder, which is triggered by gluten, damages the small intestine. Stool can appear yellow, oily, and greasy on occasion. Following a gluten-free diet is usually the best plan of action to help restore stool to normal color. 

Black Poop

Black-colored stool in babies can be a sign of eating too many foods like blueberries. It can also indicate a more serious health problem and may require medical attention if stool is tar-like. Possible causes include:

• Diet: Eating too many blueberries, lots of blood sausage, or black licorice may turn stool black, but the consistency will remain the same. 
• Bleeding: Black-colored stool can indicate bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach or beginning of the small intestine. Blood in that area can also give stool a tar-like consistency, which may stem from ulcers, sores, or tumors. 
• Supplements: Activated charcoal, iron supplements, and even Pepto-Bismol can cause black stool, on occasion. 

Red Poop

Some foods, such as beets or red gelatin can cause reddish poop. A bright red color, however, typically indicates bleeding in the lower part of the digestive tract. Health conditions that may cause gastrointestinal bleeding include:

• Proctitis
• Anal fissure
• Diverticular disease
• Hemorrhoids
• Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as Crohn’s disease
• Cancer
• Infection

White Or Tan Poop

Tan poop is usually caused by a problem with the biliary system, which includes the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. The liver produces bile, which is a yellowish-brown substance that is stored in the gallbladder. When bile is released into the stomach, it helps break down fats from various foods you eat. Bilirubin, a compound in bile, gives stool the signature brown color. A lack of bile, and ultimately a lack of bilirubin, can result in stool that is tan or white. Several healthy conditions can also reduce the amount of bile, such as:

• Biliary cirrhosis
• Cysts
• Gallstones
• Alcoholic hepatitis
• Biliary stricture
• Sclerosing cholangitis
• Structural defect
• Tumors
• Viral hepatitis

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If you want to take control of your eye health, you need to consume the right nutrients to boost your vision. Carrots, celery, broccoli, sweet potatoes, and more are foods that help enhance eye care. Although dietary sources of essential nutrients are great, you may want to consider certain vitamin supplements to strengthen your vision and prevent degenerative eye conditions. 

Common conditions that impact the eyes include age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, cataracts, and diabetic retinopathy. Although different factors influence the development of these conditions, nutrition seems to have a positive influence on them. According to experts, the following vitamins and nutrients are the best for maintaining eye health as you age. 

Vitamin C

Hold your horses, folks. We’ll get to vitamin A in just a second. For now, we are talking about vitamin C. Vitamin C and a few other nutrients are used in AREDS, a supplement that may benefit people with AMD. One study suggests that AREDS may reduce the risk of AMD progressing by 25% if you take them daily. One observational study showed a 75% reduced risk of developing cataracts when people supplemented with more than 490 milligrams (mg) per day. Another study found that daily vitamin C supplementation reduced the risk of cataracts by 45%. 

Riboflavin

Riboflavin, or vitamin B2, acts as an antioxidant and may help reduce oxidative stress in the body, including the eyes. Researchers have been studying riboflavin’s potential to prevent cataracts for years. The reason for this is because riboflavin deficiency may lead to the development of cataracts. Interestingly enough, people with this condition are usually deficient in riboflavin. Health experts recommend consuming 1.1 to 1.3 mg of riboflavin per day. It’s very easy to meet this requirement because many foods are rich in this nutrient.

Vitamin A

We’ve finally reached the vitamin that plays a crucial role in maintaining a clear cornea, which is the outside covering of the eye. Vitamin A deficiency, which is a rare condition in developed countries, can lead to xerophthalmia, a serious eye condition. Xerophthalmia is a progressive eye disease that starts with night blindness. Tear ducts and eyes can dry out if vitamin A deficiency continues. Vitamin A may also protect against other eye conditions. In fact, several studies found that diets high in vitamin A may reduce the risk of AMD and cataracts. 

Niacin

Another B vitamin (vitamin B3), niacin helps convert food into energy, but it also acts as an antioxidant. One observational study on Korean adults found that their risk of glaucoma decreased after consuming more niacin. An animal study found that high doses of niacin in supplement form were effective at preventing glaucoma. Just be mindful that supplements should be used with caution. Consuming niacin in high amounts of 1.5 to 5 grams (g) per day may adversely affect the eyes, blurring vision or increasing the risk of macular damage. 

Vitamin E

Researchers believe that many eye conditions are associated with oxidative stress, the imbalance of antioxidants and free radicals in the body. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that helps protect cells, including those in the eyes. A seven-year study monitored over 3,640 people with AMD. The results indicated that taking 400 internal units (IUs) of vitamin E per day reduced the risk of progressing to advanced stages of AMD by almost 25%. Additional studies suggest that diets rich in vitamin E may reduce the risk of age-related cataracts. More research is still necessary on this matter, though. 

Lutein And Zeaxanthin

These two beneficial compounds belong to the carotenoid family. Research shows that carotenoids exist in the macula and retina of the eyes, helping to filter potentially harmful blue light. They work to protect your eyes from damage, and studies suggest that both lutein and zeaxanthin may prevent cataracts and reduce the risk of AMD. A randomized, controlled study found potential benefits of lutein supplementation for people with cataracts. At the end of the two-year study period, study authors noted that the people who supplemented with 15 mg of lutein three times per week experienced improvements in vision. 

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Nobody wants to look in the mirror and see saggy skin. It is a reminder that the days of your youth are long gone and that old age awaits. Or, you don’t have to look at it that way! Are you a glass-half-full person, or what? You can figure out the cause of your sagging skin and take the necessary steps to fight the effects of aging and keep the skin looking as healthy as possible.

If you want to take an integrative approach to skin longevity, you have to determine why your skin is sagging. Don’t jump to a conclusion because you don’t want to treat the wrong issue. Knowing exactly why you have dark spots, redness, or even aging or sagging skin can help you establish a treatment plan. Photoshop and botox injections are not the answers! Your skin can look healthy if you do the work to understand why it doesn’t look the way you want. Below are three of the most common causes of sagging skin and what you can do to support it. 

Lifestyle Factors

If you are an SPF addict and you don’t spend lots of hours in the sun, you may want to look at your lifestyle habits. How is your sleep? Do you have high stress levels? A lot of research indicates a clear connection between the health of your skin and your stress levels or sleep health. Due to melatonin, your skin enters repair mode when you sleep. Melatonin plays an integral role in skin repair from UV light, stressors, pollution, and environmental exposure. If you don’t rest, your skin can suffer because the body isn’t producing enough melatonin for the skin to repair itself. 

Next, you have stress. According to research, the skin acts as a stress perceiver and is a target for the body’s stress response. Psychological stress tells the brain and the skin to release hormones that trigger inflammation. Those hormones impair wound healing, accelerate aging, and worsen skin conditions. 

The mind and body, including the skin, will be grateful if you add stress-relieving practices to your daily routine. Yoga, meditation, tai chi, journaling, exercise, or dancing all count. Whatever works to relieve stress, so long as it isn’t harmful to your health, is beneficial. Consider meeting with a therapist or psychologist if you need to talk with someone. Tending to your mental health can, whether you believe it or not, improve your complexion. 

UV Exposure

Collagen and elastin are the skin’s structural proteins that keep it taught and firm. If anything gets in the way of those two proteins, your skin will most likely sag. If you like to sunbathe, you expose yourself to a lot of UV rays, which can penetrate the epidermis and damage skin cells, proteins, and elastic fibers that maintain firmness. In fact, one study found that 80% of signs of visible skin aging (wrinkles, dark spots, and fine lines) are attributed to sun damage. Even if sagging skin isn’t your main concern as you age, UV exposure is to blame for the majority of aging skin that you see. 

You cannot magically undo years of UV skin damage, but you can start taking better care of your skin when you want to venture into the sun. Dermatologists agree that you should wear sunscreen every single day, especially if you are going to be outside. If you plan to spend time in the sun, make sure to reapply every two hours. Additionally, consider using a cleanser, retinol, and moisturizer to remove dead skin and encourage cell turnover.

Age-Related Skin Sagging

You can’t turn back the hands of time. Even if you live a clean lifestyle, sleep great, nourish your skin, reduce stress or use the most expensive skin care products and treatments, your skin will still develop fine lines and wrinkles. Sagging is just a normal part of aging. It’s never a bad idea to spend more time caring for your skin. After all, it is the largest organ in the body. Just understand that sagging is natural and will happen over time. For example, collagen production starts to decline in your mid-20s, and you lose about 1% each year. Women in menopause experience a significant drop close to 30%! 

Sometimes, you just have to face the facts: you cannot fight life’s clock, nor should you feel like you have to. You can, however, cleanse the skin, use a toner, apply moisturizer, use eye creams, lather up in body butters, and protect it when out in the sun. You can also eat to improve skin health (click here for more info on that) and take supplements to encourage healthier skin. Just make sure to look for high quality products if you want to use supplements.

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What are functional mushrooms, and do they make the world go round? Although these mushrooms don’t influence the earth’s rotation or transport you to other dimensions, they do offer exceptional adaptogenic properties. It’s not secret that there is a fungi frenzy, which can make selecting mushrooms or mushroom blends quite confusing. Which mushrooms do what and how do you know which ones you need?

What Are Functional Mushrooms?

Functional mushrooms are edible mushrooms that exhibit adaptogenic properties, which extend beyond the nutritional benefits. Adaptogens are compounds that help support the way the nervous system responds to stress. Functional mushrooms help support the body’s stress response, but they don’t stop there. Different mushrooms exhibit different nutrients and phytonutrients, but all of them contain beta glucans. These complex carbohydrates exist in the cell walls of mushrooms. According to researchers, fungal beta glucans can help improve gut health, inflammatory response, immune function, heart health, and beyond. 

The quality of the mushroom, or mushroom supplement, is just as important as knowing which mushroom to choose. Some mushroom supplements, for example, may not even contain mushrooms! They use mycelium (roots) of the mushroom, but the real benefits come from the beta glucans and other compounds in the mushroom’s fruiting body (above ground parts). So if you’ve ever considered experimenting with functional mushrooms, consider the following information your guide to adaptogenic fungi. 

Turkey Tail Mushrooms

The name comes from the fact that these mushrooms look like fanned turkey tails. They almost seem like they are out of a fairy tale book, growing on fallen logs or branches. Of all the mushrooms, turkey tails are the most researched and may help support optimal inflammatory response, cell growth, respiratory health, and liver function. There’s no need to forage any further than turkey tails if you want to reap some immune-boosting properties. 

Lion’s Mane Mushrooms

Your hair will not resemble that of a majestic male lion if you eat lion’s mane mushrooms. These functional fungi do offer majestic health properties, though. According to numerous studies, lion’s mane has positive effects on cognition and nerve growth. Other studies reveal that it may help improve overall brain and neurological health, so if you want to stay mentally sharp and focused, these fungi are your friends. 

Chaga Mushrooms

Chaga mushrooms differ from other mushrooms in that their benefits are concentrated in the mycelial mass, not the fruiting body. Chagas exhibit high antioxidant activity and support immune function and overall health. When it comes to purchasing chaga mushrooms or chaga supplements, make sure that they are chosen responsibly. You want wild-crafted mushrooms that are organic, if possible.

Cordyceps

Best known for their ability to support healthy stamina and physical energy, cordyceps have a long history of use. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), cordyceps were used to support kidney and lung function. Their energy-boosting properties make them highly sought after by people, especially athletes, who want to maintain peak physical performance. You may also find that chagas help support healthy stress levels. 

Maitake Mushrooms

Historically, maitake mushrooms were used as currency in Japan. If that doesn’t say something about their value, we don’t know what does. Maitake mushrooms work to support immune function and promote cellular health, especially when combined with other mushrooms. That is why you typically find maitake and chaga mushrooms in the same mushroom blend. Sometimes, you will even see them combined with immune-supporting agents like ginger or elderberry, both of which improve the taste of the powder supplement.

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