Low-impact exercise is beneficial for several groups of people, especially those with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Engaging in these types of exercises can help prevent stiff joints, while also helping to build muscle, improve endurance, and improve bone and muscle health. Just make sure to rest if you feel joint inflammation, as you don’t want to aggravate the condition. Listen to your body and it will guide you down the right path.
What Is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
RA is an autoimmune condition that causes inflammation in certain parts of the body, especially the hands, wrists, and knee joints. The tissue in the joint becomes damaged because the immune system mistakenly attacks cells. That can cause symptoms such as:
- Joint pain, or aching
- Joint stiffness
- Weight loss
- Tenderness in the joints
- Fatigue
- Weakness
If you have RA, you can improve your overall quality of life via physical activity. It may seem daunting, but the right exercises may help improve symptoms. Ideally, engage in 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week. Your activity level may vary with RA, so consult a healthcare provider to determine the right exercise plan for you. Additionally, make sure that your program includes strength-training, flexibility training, and balance exercises. Consider the following gentle exercises if you have RA.
Walking
Almost everyone can benefit from walking, unless it is too painful, of course. Walking is a joint-friendly, bone-strengthening, low-impact aerobic activity. The Arthritis Foundation recommends that you frequency, intensity, and time regarding your walks. Aim to walk daily, or at least three to five times per week. Ideally, keep your speed at two to three miles per hour, with an average walking time of 30 minutes.
Water Aerobics
People who have significant joint pain benefit from being in the water, as it reduces stress on the joints. The buoyancy of the water relieves pressure on the joints and you have more fluidity with your movements. If you work out at a health center, try to see if there is an aquatic aerobics class to join. You can also consider an underwater jogging belt that suspends you above the pool floor, putting zero pressure on your hips, knees, or ankles.
Tai Chi
Tai Chi involves gentle, controlled, and slow movements that connect to your breathing. It can help relieve stress, strengthen the body, improve flexibility, and reduce pain. It may also improve balance, which can help reduce your risk of falling. Fitness experts suggest that you do not practice Tai Chi longer than you can walk comfortably.
Zumba
If you want to engage in higher-intensity exercise without putting too much stress on the joints, Zumba might be the exercise for you. Zumba differs from other aerobics classes in that it helps you burn calories without taxing your joints. If you are new to Zumba, you will notice that your whole body feels the workout. That is because it is a full-body workout. Aim to take two hour-long classes weekly.
Qi Gong
Qi Gong is beneficial for anyone seeking to improve posture, balance, and core strength. When you stand tall or sit up straight in a chair, imagine that a spring is lifting you from above. Close your eyes and breathe deeply for about 30 seconds. Continue to focus on your breath as you place your hands on your stomach and direct your focus to move your diaphragm in and out with every breath. Engage your core muscles and maintain balance and posture during your breathing.
Stretching
A lot of people don’t consider stretching to be a form of exercise, but without flexibility you cannot move easily. You also have a higher risk of injury if your level of flexibility is low. Stretching can help reduce joint stiffness and make it easier to do everyday activities or household chores. You can stretch in a chair if that helps reduce stress on the joints. Chair yoga is a real thing!
Yoga
Almost everyone, even people with swollen or tender joints, can practice yoga. Yoga can help increase muscle strength, improve balance, reduce stress and anxiety, and improve mobility. A small study found that yoga was beneficial for improving physical function and grip strength in people with RA. Try to avoid hot yoga or power yoga, as additional heat can put stress on the joints.
Pilates
If you have RA and want to increase muscle strength, Pilates may be the right exercise for you. Pilates may provide relief for symptoms associated with RA. In fact, one study found that pilates significantly improved symptoms of RA, including depression, fatigue, aerobic activity, and sleep quality.
