You have undoubtedly ordered, or at least heard of, an acai bowl. Although acai berries and bananas typically make up the base for these bowls, dragon fruit, also known as pitaya or strawberry pear, is another common base. Are pitaya and dragon fruit the same thing, though? We will cover all that and more in this article.
What Is Pitaya?
Pitaya, or dragon fruit, is a low-calorie tropical fruit that has a subtly sweet and somewhat neutral flavor. The fruit has a pink exterior with green leaves, but it can either have white or vibrantly pink flesh inside. The pink pitaya is slightly richer in flavor and nutrients and exhibits a flavor similar to that of an earthy watermelon, but the seeds give it the consistency of a kiwi.
First discovered in Central America hundreds of years ago, this vibrant, tropical fruit has expanded across the globe. According to historians, early missionaries brought pitaya to Asia, where it is commonly known as dragon fruit. It’s not just a pretty fruit, though. Continue reading to learn more about its health benefits.
May Promote Gut Health
There are trillions of microorganisms that make up the gut microbiome. In various human and animal studies, imbalances in the gut have been linked to poor immune health and more serious problems, such as heart disease. Having a greater amount of beneficial bacteria in the gut positively impacts your overall health.
Pitaya is a natural source of prebiotics, which work to feed the beneficial bacteria in the gut. Prebiotics, just like all fibers, are not broken down by the gut. The bacteria in the gut can’t digest them, so bacteria essentially use prebiotics as fuel for growth. Regular consumption of prebiotics and probiotics can help reduce the risk of gut disorders. That said, more research is necessary to determine the direct effects of pitaya on gut health.
Great Source Of Fiber
Fiber is best known for its role in digestion, but many research studies indicate that it may benefit heart function and reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some preliminary research found that diets rich in fiber may help ward off colon cancer, but more research is still necessary in this field. It should be noted that there are no direct studies linking the consumption of pitaya to any of the aforementioned conditions. One cup of pitaya provides 5.6 grams (g) of fiber, which fulfills about one-fifth of the recommended daily intake (RDI). Generally speaking, the average adult should consume 25 to 30 g of fiber per day from food, not supplements.
May Prevent Against Chronic Disease
According to various studies, pitaya contains powerful anti-inflammatory antioxidants. Betacyanins are the antioxidants that give pitaya its beautiful pink exterior. Studies confirm that these antioxidants work to reduce oxidative stress, or damage to cells, caused by an overabundance of free radicals in the body. The body produces free radicals when it breaks down food, or when you expose yourself to radiation, environmental pollution, or cigarette smoke. A buildup of these free radicals can accelerate cell aging and increase the risk of health problems, such as heart disease, arthritis, or cancer.
The pink-fleshed pitaya contains phenolic compounds, which contribute to the taste, color, and health benefits. A 2021 report found that pitaya has the highest concentration of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity compared to white or yellow dragon fruits. Researchers believe that the microbiome shift caused by the prebiotics in pitaya may help reduce the risk of colon cancer. Protection against other types of cancer may be attributed to the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other antioxidant compounds, but more research is necessary.
Encourages Healthy Blood Flow
By eating pitaya, you may help to improve overall blood flow throughout the body. It can’t be that simple, right? Not quite, unfortunately, but a small study of 18 younger, healthy people examined the effects of eating 24 g (just under an ounce) of pitaya powder daily, or a placebo. Researchers observed the outcomes that pitaya extract had on artery stiffness, blood pressure, and blood flow. All of these were measured one, two, three, and four hours after consumption, and after two weeks.Â
The researchers found that those who consumed pitaya extract showed significant improvements in blood flow two, three, and four hours post consumption compared to the placebo group. Those results remained consistent even after the two-week period. Finally, researchers attribute these benefits to betalain, the plant’s red pigment.
May Help Regulate Blood Sugar
Even though pitaya contains natural sugar, eating it could actually help control your blood sugar levels. Research indicates that the antioxidant compounds in pitaya may help regenerate beta cells in the pancreas. These beta cells make and secrete insulin and amylin, two hormones that help regulate blood sugar levels. The anti-inflammatory properties of pitaya may also play a role in this, as inflammation is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes.Â
A review from 2017 analyzed four previously published studies. The conclusion was that pitaya had a significant ability to help lower fasting blood sugar levels in people with prediabetes. Although these results were not observed in people with type 2 diabetes, blood sugar reduced significantly when people consumed larger portions of pitaya.
Vincent Stevens is the senior content writer at Dherbs. As a fitness and health and wellness enthusiast, he enjoys covering a variety of topics, including the latest health, fitness, beauty, and lifestyle trends. His goal is to inform people of different ways they can improve their overall health, which aligns with Dherbs’ core values. He received his bachelor’s degree in creative writing from the University of Redlands, graduating summa cum laude. He lives in Los Angeles, CA.
